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Posted by Massimiliano Quintiliani On Maggio - 13 - 2011 0 Comment

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cacao
Quella del cioccolato è una lunghissima storia in cui realtà e leggenda si fondono. Si ritiene che già nel 5000 a.C. esistessero alcune varietà di pianta di cacao sulla costa del Golfo del Messico e sull’Altipiano centrale: probabilmente i primi a coltivare il cacao furono gli appartenenti alla civiltà Maya.

Successivamente, nella civiltà degli Aztechi, il cacao aveva un profondo significato simbolico (la bacca di cacao era usata durante i rituali per indicare il cuore umano strappato nel sacrificio) oltre ad essere utilizzato nell’alimentazione e come moneta.

Pare che il primo europeo entrato in contatto con la pianta e i frutti del cacao sia stato Cristoforo Colombo durante il suo quarto viaggio esplorativo nel 1502, anche se non si conosce con certezza quando il cacao approdò per la prima volta in Spagna. La maggior parte degli autori hanno attribuito a Hernán Cortés questo merito, ma non esiste una prova storica che affermi tale ipotesi. In ogni caso dalla Spagna il cioccolato si diffuse in tutta Europa approdando anche in Italia.

Carl von Linné, scienziato svedese, nel 1753 attribuì all’albero del cacao il nome scientifico “Teobroma cacao”, che dal greco significa “cibo degli dèi”, riconoscendone così proprietà uniche ed eccezionali.